inductive and deductive reasoning

Inductive reasoning is a method of reasoning in which a body of observations is synthesized to come up with a general principle. Inductive reasoning is distinct from deductive reasoning. If the premises are correct, the conclusion of a deductive argument is certain; in contrast, the truth of the conclusion of an inductive argument is probable, based upon the evidence given.

example:

statement 1: Mango is a fruit. (specific statement)

statement 2: The box is full of fruits. (specific statement)

conclusion: The box is full of mangos. (general statement)

inductive reasoning are logically true but realistically may or not be true.

Deductive reasoning, also deductive logic, is the process of reasoning from one or more statements (premises) to reach a logical conclusion.

Deductive reasoning goes in the same direction as that of the conditionals, and links premises with conclusions. If all premises are true, the terms are clear, and the rules of deductive logic are followed, then the conclusion reached is necessarily true.

example:

statement 1: Mango is a fruit. (general statement)

statement 2: All fruits have seeds. (general statement)

conclusion: Mangoes have seeds. (specific statement)